¡» Name¡GJau-Wern Chiou
¡» Sex¡Gmale
¡» Emai¡Gjwchiou@nuk.edu.tw
¡» Contact Number¡G07-5919000 ext. 7721

Academic Qualifications¡G

  • 1999.09 - 2005.07 Ph. D. of Physics, Tamkang University, Tamsui, Taiwan.
  • 1997.09 - 1999.06 Master of Physics, Tamkang University, Tamsui, Taiwan.
  • 1989.09 - 1993.06 Bachelor of Physics, Chinese Culture University, Taipei, Taiwan.
  • 1986.09 - 1989.06 The Kaohsiung Municipal Kaohsiung Serior High School, Kaohsiung, Taiwan

Work Experience¡G

  • 2007.08 ¡V present Assistant Professor, Department of Applied Physics, National University of Kaohsiung
  • 2005.08 ¡V 2007.07 Postdoctoral, Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, USA.
    ¡@¡@¡@¡@¡@Department of Physics, Tamkang University, Tamsui, Taiwan.
  • 2003.12 ¡Vpresent Using of beamline, Advence Light Source (ALS), Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
    ¡@¡@¡@¡@¡@(LBNL), USA.
  • 1999.09 ¡V present Maintenance and Using of beamline, National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center
    ¡@¡@¡@¡@¡@(NSRRC), Taiwan.
  • 2001.03 ¡V present Outside user, Super-Photon Ring (Spring-8), Japan.
  • 1997.08 ¡V 2005.06 Assistant research, Department of Physics, Tamkang University, Tamsui, Taiwan.
  • 1995.08 ¡V 1999.06 Using of an on-site facility of 3MeV 9SDH-2 pelletron tandem accelerator, ¡@¡@¡@¡@¡@Instituted of hysics, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.
  • 1995.08 ¡V 1997.08 Assistant research, Instituted of Physics, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.

  • Ten years (Sep. 1999 - present) research experience at NSRRC on setting up ultra-high vacuum instrument and the data analysis of X-ray Absorption Near Edge Structure (XANES), Extend X-ray Absorption Fine Structure (EXAFS), X-ray Powder Diffraction (XRD), X-ray Magnetic Circular Dichroism (XMCD), X-ray Photoemission Spectroscopy (PES), Scanning Photoelectron Microscopy (SPEM), and Resonant Inelastic X-ray Scattering (RIXS).
  • During November 2001- present worked with SPEM group for end-station commission at NSRRC. Later, using SPEM research results participate student poster contest at the 2002 NSRRC User¡¦s Meeting and won second-prize winner of audience vote. [The title of the student poster contest is ¡§Electronic Structure at the Carbon Nanotube Tips Studied by X-ray-absorption Spectroscopy and Scanning Photoelectron Microscopy (SPEM)¡¨].During August 1995- June 1999 worked with an on-site facility of 3MeV 9SDH-2 pelletron tandem accelerator which was installed in Instituted of Physics, Academia Sinica at 1989. Since then the accelerator became an important facility for experimental research in the low energy nuclear physics, accelerator based atomic physics, and applied accelerator technology.
  • The X-ray absorption experience (XAS) :
    The analysis of the XANES spectra for various diameters of ZnO nanorods system revealed increased numbers of O 2p and Zn 4p unoccupied states with the downsizing of the nanorods, which reflect the enhancement of surface states when the diameter is decreased (see Ref. 2).
  • X-ray Magnetic Circular Dichroism (XMCD) :
    We have attempt to elucidate the effect of the Cr-layer of the magnetic characteristics of the epitaxial Py/Cr/Py (Py=Ni80Fe20) trilayers by Ni and Fe L3,2-edges soft x-ray magnetic circular dichroism (MCD) and Cr, Ni, and Fe K-edge x-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES) measurements.
  • X-ray PhotoEmission Spectroscopy (PES) :
    We have performed a systematic investigation of the electronic structures of both occupied and unoccupied valence band states as functions of r (r is defined 4.3 K/ 300 K resistivity ratio) for icosahedral (i)-Al¡VPd¡VRe QCs (quasicrystals) using Al K-, Pd and Re L3-edges x-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES) and valence band photoelectron spectroscopy (PES) measurement.
  • Scanning Photoelectron Microscopy (SPEM) :
    This soft x-ray spectromicroscopy is a method used to acquire the quantitative and qualitative chemical characterization of laterally-inhomogeneities multielement materials. The SPEM station is a powerful tool to studies nano-scales materials. The spatial resolution of SPEM is well about 100nm. A set of 16 photoelectron images at different electron kinetic energies can be simultaneously acquired in one single scan. The SPEM system is also capable of simultaneously detecting total electron yield, transmitted photon flux and sample current. A 16-channel multi-channel scaler is used in the data acquisition system to collect a total of up to 16 images concurrently.
  • Resonant Inelastic X-ray Scattering (RIXS) :
    In the two-step model, the XES experiment is broken up into two distinct and independent processes and are listed below:
    (a) The first, a core electron is excited by absorption an incident x-ray photon and creates a core vacancy. When the electron is emitted to conduction band (unoccupied states), this process is called XAS. However, if this electron travels through the sample to the surface and escapes through the surface into vacuum where it is detected, it is called XPS.
    (b) The second, the excited state decays via recombination process. In other words, a valence electron will fall down to fill the core-hole, this decay process which is conformed to conserve energy by emitting a photon is recorded in XES.

General Physics, General Physics Laboratory, Optics, Seminar-Nanoscience

1. J. W. Chiou, H. M. Tsai, C. W. Pao, F. Z. Chien, W. F. Pong, M.-H. Tsai, C.-H. Chen, H.-J. Lin. J. J. Wu, M.-H. Yang, S. H. Chung and C. W. Chen, The electronic structures of Zn1-XMgXO nanorods studied by x-ray absorption and scanning photoelectron microscopy, (in process, 2008).

2. Rebecca A. Metzler, Dong Zhou, Mike Abrecht, Jau-Wern Chiou, Jinghua Guo, Daniel Ariosa, Susan N. Coppersmith, and P. U. P. A. Gilbert, Polarization-dependent imaging contrast in abalone shells, Phys. Rev. B, 77, 064110 (2008).

3. Rebecca A. Metzler, Il Won Kim, Katya Delak, John Spencer Evans, Dong Zhou, Elia Beniash, Fred Wilt, Mike Abrecht, Jau-Wern Chiou, Jinghua Guo, Susan N. Coppersmith, and P. U. P. A. Gilbert, Probing the Organic-Mineral Interface at the Molecular Level in Model Biominerals, Langmuir 24, 2680 (2008).

4. S. C. Ray, C. W. Pao, H. M. Tsai, J. W. Chiou, W. F. Pong, C. W. Chen, M.-H. Tsai, P. Papakonstantinou, L. C. Chen, K. H. Chen, and W. G. Graham, A comparative study of the electronic structures of oxygen- and chlorinetreated nitrogenated carbon nanotubes by x-ray absorption and scanning photoelectron microscopy, Appl. Phys. Lett. 91, 202102 (2007).

5. H. M. Tsai, K. Asokan, C. W. Pao, J. W. Chiou, C. H. Du, W. F. Pong, M.-H. Tsai, and L. Y. Jang, Anisotropic electronic structure in quasi-one-dimensional K0.3MoO3: An angle-dependent x-ray absorption study, Appl. Phys. Lett. 91, 022109 (2007).

6. J. W. Chiou, S. C. Ray, H. M. Tsai, C. W. Pao, F. Z. Chien, W. F. Pong, M.-H. Tsai, J. J. Wu, c. h. Tseng, C.-H. Chen, J. F. Lee, and J.-H. Guo, Charge transfer in nanocrystalline-Au/ZnO nanorods investigated by x-ray spectroscopy and scanning photoelectron microscopy, Appl. Phys. Lett. 90, 192112 (2007).

7. S. C. Ray, C. W. Pao, H. M. Tsai, J. W. Chiou, W. F. Pong, C. W. Chen, M.-H. Tsai, P. Papakonstantinou, L. C. Chen, K. H. Chen, and W. G. Graham, Electronic structures and bonding properties of chlorine-treated nitrogenated carbon nanotubes: X-ray absorption and scanning photoelectron microscopy studies, Appl. Phys. Lett. 90, 192107 (2007).

8. J. W. Chiou, H. M. Tsai, C. W. Pao, K. P. Krishna Kumar, J. H. Chen, D. C. Ling, F. Z. Chien, W. F. Pong, M.-H. Tsai, J. J. Wu, M.-H. Yang, S. C. Liu, I.-H. Hong, C.-H. Chen, H.-J. Lin and J. F. Lee, Role of valence-band Co 3d states on ferromagnetism in Zn1?xCoxO nanorods, Appl. Phys. Lett. 90, 062103 (2007).

9. H. M. Tsai, P. D. Babu, C. W. Pao, J. W. Chiou, J. C. Jan, K. P. Krishna Kumar, F. Z. Chien, W. F. Pong, M.-H. Tsai, C.-H. Chen, L. Y. Jang, J. F. Lee, R. S. Chen, Y. S. Huang, and D. S. Tsai, Comparison of electronic structures of RuO2 and IrO2 nanorods investigated by x-ray absorption and scanning photoelectron microscopy, Appl. Phys. Lett. 90, 042108 (2007).

10. S. H. Liu, H. M. Tsai, C. W. Pao, J. W. Chiou, D. C. Ling, W. F. Pong, M.-H. Tsai, H. J. Lin, L. Y. Jang, J. F. Lee, J. H. Hsu, W. J. Wang, and C. J. Hsu, Electronic and magnetic properties of the Ag-doped Fe3O4 films studied by x-ray absorption spectroscopy, Appl. Phys. Lett. 89, 092112 (2006).
11. J. W. Chiou, H. M. Tsai, C. W. Pao, K. P. Krishna Kumar, S. C. Ray, F. Z. Chien, W. F. Pong, M.-H. Tsai, C.-H. Chen, H.-J. Lin. J. J. Wu, M.-H. Yang, S. C. Liu, S. H. Chung, and C. W. Chen, Comparison of the electronic structures of Zn1-XCoXO and Zn1-XMgXO nanorods using x-ray absorption and scanning photoelectron microscopy, Appl. Phys. Lett. 89, 043121 (2006).

12. S. C. Ray, J. W. Chiou, W. F. Pong, and M.-H. Tsai, The electronic properties of nanomaterials elucidated by synchrotron radiation-based spectroscopy, Critical Reviews in Solid State and Materials Sciences 31, 91 (2006).

13. S. H. Liu, H. M. Tsai, C. W. Pao, J. W. Chiou, D. C. Ling, W. F. Pong, M.-H. Tsai, H. J. Lin, L. Y. Jang, J. F. Lee, J. H. Hsu, W. J. Wang, C. J. Hsu, Electronic and magnetic properties of the Ag-doped Fe3O4 films studied by x-ray absorption spectroscopy, Appl. Phys. Lett. 89, 092112 (2006).

14. S. C. Ray, C. W. Pao, H. M. Tsai, B. Bose, J. W. Chiou, W. F. Pong, D. DasGupta, Orientation of graphitic planes during annealing of ¡¥¡¥dip deposited¡¦¡¦ amorphous carbon film: A carbon K-edge X-ray absorption near-edge study, Carbon 44, 1982 (2006).

15. C. W. Pao, P. D. Babu, H. M. Tsai, J. W. Chiou, S. C. Ray, S. C. Yang, F. Z. Chien, W. F. Pong, M.-H. Tsai, C. W. Hsu, L. C. Chen, C. C. Chen, K. H. Chen, H.-J. Lin, J. F. Lee and J. H. Guo, Electronic structures of group-III¡Vnitride nanorods studied by x-ray absorption, x-ray emission, and Raman spectroscopy, Appl. Phys. Lett. 88, 223113 (2006).

16. J. W. Chiou, H. M. Tsai, C. W. Pao, C. L. Dong, C. L. Chang, F. Z. Chien, W. F. Pong, M.-H. Tsai, S. C. Shi, C. F. Chen, L. C. Chen, K. H. Chen, I.-H. Hong, C.-H. Chen, H.-J. Lin, and J. H. Guo, Comparison of the electronic structures of AlN nanotips grown on p- and n-type Si substrates, J. Phys.: Condens. Matter 17, 7523 (2005).

17. M. S. Kumar, V. S. Kumar, K. Asokan, J. W. Chiou, J. C. Chiou, W. F. Pong and J. Kumar, X-ray absorption spectroscopic study on Ti/n-GaN, phys. stat. sol. (a) 202, R161 (2005).

18. K. P. Krishna Kumar, J. W. Chiou, H. M. Tsai, C. W. Pao, J. C. Jan, P. C. Hsu, D. C. Ling, F. Z. Chien, W. F. Pong, M.-H. Tsai and J. F. Lee, Electronic and local atomic structures of (La1-x Prx)0.85Zr0.15MnO3, J. Phys.: Condens. Matter 17, 4197 (2005).

19. J. C. Jan, H. M. Tsai, C. W. Pao, J. W. Chiou, K. Asokan, K. P. Krishna Kumar, W. F. Pong, Y. H. Tang, M.-H. Tsai, S. Y. Kuo and W. F. Hsieh, Direct experimental evidence of hybridization of Pb states with O 2p states in ferroelectric perovskite oxides, Appl. Phys. Lett. 87, 012103 (2005).

20. Ravi Kumar, R. J. Choudhary, M. Wasi Khan, J. P. Srivastava, C.W. Bao, H.M. Tsai, J. W. Chiou, K. Asokan and W. F. Pong, Erratum: Structural, electrical transport and x-ray absorption spectroscopy studies of LaFe1-xNixO3 (x „T 0.6), J. Appl. Phys. 98, 069902 (2005).

21. S. C. Ray, C. W. Pao, J. W. Chiou, H. M. Tsai, J. C. Jan, W. F. Pong, R. McCann, S. S. Roy, P. Papakonstantinou and J. A. McLaughlin, Electronic properties of a-CNx thin films: An x-ray-absorption and photoemission spectroscopy study, J. Appl. Phys. 98, 033708 (2005).

22. S. C. Ray, T. I. T. Okpalugo, C. W. Pao, H. M. Tsai, J. W. Chiou, J. C. Jan, W. F. Pong, P. Papakonstantinou, J. A. McLaughlin and W. J. Wang, Electronic structure and photoluminescence study of silicon doped diamond like carbon (Si:DLC) thin films, Materials Research Bulletin 40, 1757 (2005).

23. C. C. Chu, G. L. Hwang, J. W. Chiou, W. F. Pong, C. L. Lin, C. Y. Tsai, H. M. Lin, Y. C. Chang, C. S. Chang, A. H. Hsu, W. L. Huang, J. H Guo, P. H. Chen and T. Y. Luh, Polymerization of a confined £k-system: Chemical synthesis of tetrahedral amorphous carbon (ta-C) nanoballs from graphitic carbon nanocapsules, Advanced Materials 17, 2707 (2005).

24. K. Asokan, J. C. Jan, K. V. R. Rao, J. W. Chiou, H. M. Tsai, W. F. Pong, M.-H Tsai, R. Kumar, Electron- and hole-doping effects in manganites studies by x-ray absorption spectroscopy, Hyperfine Interactions 160, 181 (2005)

25. C. W. Pao, H. M. Tsai, J. W. Chiou, W. F. Pong, M.-H. Tsai, T. W. Pi, H.-J. Lin, L. Y. Jang, J. F. Lee, C. R. Wang, S. T. Lin and J. H. Guo, The effect of the Mn constituent on the electronic structures of Al70Pd22.5(Re1?xMnx)7.5 quasicrystals studied by x-ray absorption and photoemission spectroscopy, J. Phys.: Condens. Matter 18, 265 (2005).

26. C. H. Huang, J. C. Jan, J. W. Chiou, H. M. Tsai, C. W. Pao, C. H. Du, W. F. Pong, M.-H. Tsai, M. T. Tang, J. J. Lee, and J. F. Lee, Electronic and atomic structures of quasi-one-dimensional K0.3MoO3, Appl. Phys. Lett. 86, 141905 (2005).

27. J. C. Jan, P. D. Babu, H. M. Tsai, C. W. Pao, J. W. Chiou, S. C. Ray, K. P. Krishna Kumar, W. F. Pong, M.-H. Tsai, C. A. Jong, and T. S. Chin, Bonding properties of amorphous Ta(N, O) films investigated by x-ray absorption spectroscopy, Appl. Phys. Lett. 86, 161910 (2005).

28. K. Asokan, C. L. Dong, C. W. Bao, H. M. Tsai, J. W. Chiou, C. L. Chang, W. F. Pong, P. Duran, C. Moure, and O. Pena, Comparison of electronic structures of orthorhombic and hexagonal manganites studied by x-ray absorption spectroscopy, Solid State Commun., 134, 821 (2005).

29. S. C. Ray, T. I. T. Okpalugo, P. Papakonstantinou, C. W. Bao, H. M. Tsai, J. W. Chiou, J. C. Jan, W. F. Pong, J. A. McLaughlin, and W. J. Wang, Electronic structure and hardening mechanism of Si-doped/undoped diamond like carbon films, Thin Solid Films 242-247, 482 (2005).

30. Ravi Kumar, R. J. Choudhary, M. Wasi Khan, J. P. Srivastava, C.W. Bao, H.M. Tsai, J. W. Chiou, K. Asokan and W. F. Pong, Structural, electrical transport and x-ray absorption spectroscopy studies of LaFe1-xNixO3 (x „T 0.6), J. Appl. Phys. 97, 093526 (2005).

31. K. P. Krishna Kumar, J. C. Jan, J. W. Chiou, H. M. Tsai, C. W. Bao, B. C. Hsu, D. C. Ling, W. F. Pong and M.-H. Tsai, Effect of Pr substitution on the electronic structure of (La1-x Prx)0.85Zr0.15MnO3, J. Elect. Spectro. Relat. Phenom. 144-147, 529 (2005).

32. C. K. Yang, J. W. Chiou, H. M. Tsai, C. W. Pao, J. C. Jan, S. C. Ray, C. L. Yeh, K. C. Huang, H. C. Hsueh, W. F. Pong, M.-H. Tsai, H. H. Hsieh, H. J. Lin, T. Y. Hou and J. H. Hsu, Electronic structure and magnetic properties of Al-doped Fe3O4 films studied by x-ray absorption and magnetic circular dichroism, Appl. Phys. Lett. 86, 062504 (2005).

33. S. C. Ray, H. M. Tsai, J. W. Chiou, B. Bose, J. C. Jan, Krishna Kumar, W. F. Pong, D. DasGupta, and M.-H. Tsai, X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) study of dip deposited a-C:H(OH) thin films, J. Phys.: Condens. Matt. 16, 5719 (2004).

34. J. W. Chiou, J. C. Jan, H. M. Tsai, C. W. Bao, W. F. Pong, M.-H. Tsai, I.-H. Hong, R. Klauser, J. F. Lee, J. J. Wu and S. C. Liu, Diameter dependence of the electronic structure of ZnO nanorods studied by x-ray absorption spectroscopy and scanning photoelectron microscopy, Appl. Phys. Lett. 85, 3220 (2004).

35. I. F. Lee, J. C. Jan, J. W. Chiou, H. M. Tsai, C. W. Bao, W. F. Pong, M.-H. Tsai, H. H. Hsieh, T. Y. Hou, H.-J. Lin, L. Y. Jang, H. H. Hung, W. C. Chen, and J. C. A. Huang, Interlayer magnetic coupling in epitaxial NiFe/Ru/NiFe trilayers, J. Phys.: Condens. Matt. 16, 7163 (2004).

36. S. C. Ray, C. W. Bao, H. M. Tsai, J. W. Chiou, J. C. Jan, K. P. Krishna Kumar, W. F. Pong, M.-H. Tsai, W.-J. Wang and C.-J. Hsu, Electronic structure and bonding properties of Si-doped bydrogenated amorphous carbon films, Appl. Phys. Lett. 85, 4022 (2004).

37. S. C. Ray, H. M. Tsai, J. W. Chiou, B. Bose, J. C. Jan, K. P. Krishna Kumar, W. F. Pong, D. Dasgupta and M.-H. Tsai, X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) study of dip deposited a-C:H(OH) thin films, J. Phys.: Condens. Matt. 16, 5713 (2004).
38. K Asokan, J. C. Jan, J. W. Chiou, W. F. Pong, M.-H. Tsai, Y. K. Chang, Y. Y. Chen, H. H. Hsieh, H.-J Lin, Y. W. Yang, L. J. Lai and I. N. Lin, The electronic structure of Ba1-xCax TiO3 probed by X-ray absorption spectroscopy, J. Solid State Chemistry 177, 2639 (2004).

39. S. C. Ray, H. M. Tsai, C. W. Bao, J. W. Chiou, J. C. Jan, K. P. Krishna Kumar, W. F. Pong, M.-H. Tsai, S. Chattopadhyay, L. C. Chen, S. C. Chien, M. T. Lee, S. T. Lin, K. H. Chen, Electronic and bonding structures of B-C-N thin films investigated by x-ray absorption and photoemission spectroscopy, J. Appl. Phys. 96, 208 (2004).

40. S. C. Ray, H. M. Tsai, J. W. Chiou, J. C. Jan, K. P. Krishna Kumar, W. F. Pong, F. Z. Chien, M.-H. Tsai, S. Chattopadhyay, L. C. Chen, S. C. Chien, M. T. Lee, S. T. Lin, K. H. Chen, X-Ray absorption studies of boron-carbon-nitrogen (BxCyNz) ternary alloys, Diamond and Related Materials 13, 1553 (2004).

41. K Asokan, J. C. Jan, K. V. R. Rao, J. W. Chiou, H. M. Tsai, S. Mookerjee, W. F. Pong, M.-H. Tsai, Ravi Kumar, Shahid Husain and J. P. Srivastava, Electron- and hole-doping effects on the electronic structure of manganite studied by x-ray absorption spectroscopy, J. Phys.: Condens. Matt. 16, 3791 (2004).

42. J. W. Chiou, J. C. Jan, H. M. Tsai, C. W. Bao, W. F. Pong, M.-H. Tsai, I.-H. Hong, R. Klauser, J. F. Lee, J. J. Wu and S. C. Liu, Electronic structure of ZnO nanorods studied by angle-dependent x-ray absorption spectroscopy and scanning photoelectron microscopy, Appl. Phys. Lett. 84, 3462 (2004).

43. S.C. Ray, B. Bose, J. W. Chiou, H. M. Tsai, J. C. Jan, Krishna Kumar, W. F. Pong, D. DasGupta, G. Fanchini and A. Tagliaferro, Deposition and characterization of diamond-like carbon thin films by electro-deposition technique using organic liquid, J. Mater. Res. 19, 1126 (2004).

44. J. C. Jan, K. P. Krishna Kumar, J. W. Chiou, H. M. Tsai, H. L. Shih, H. C. Hsueh, S. C. Ray, K. Asokan, and W. F. Pong, Effect of the Ca content on the electronic structure of Pb1-xCaxTiO3 perovskites, Appl. Phys. Lett. 83, 3311 (2003).

45. J. W. Chiou, J. C. Jan, H. M. Tsai, W. F. Pong, M.-H. Tsai, I.-H. Hong, R. Klauser, J. F. Lee, C. W. Hsu, H. M. Lin, C. C. Chen, C. H. Shen, L. C. Chen, and K. H. Chen, Electronic structure of GaN nanowire studied by x-ray-absorption spectroscopy and scanning photoelectron microscopy, Appl. Phys. Lett. 82, 3949 (2003).

46. I.-H. Hong, J. W. Chiou, S.-C. Wang, R. Klauser, W. F. Pong, L. C. Chen and T. J. Chuang, Electronic structure of aligned carbon nanotubes studied by scanning photoelectron microscopy, J. Phys. IV France 104, 467 (2003).

47. I. F. Lee, M. Y. Shen, Y. Y. Lay, J. C. Jan, J. W. Chiou, H. M. Tsai, W. F. Pong, M.-H. Tsai, H. H. Hsieh, H.-J. Lin, J. F. Lee, C. A. Ku, and J. C. A. Huang, Element-specific magnetic properties of the epitaxial NiFe/Cr/NiFe trilayers, Appl. Phys. Lett. 82, 3062 (2003).

48. Y. Y. Lay, J. C. Jan, J. W. Chiou, H. M. Tsai, W. F. Pong, M.-H. Tsai, T. W. Pi, J. F. Lee, C. I. Ma, K. L. Tseng, C. R. Wang, and S. T. Lin, Observation of the metal-insulator transition in Al-Pd-Re quasicrystals by x-ray absorption and photoemission spectroscopy, Appl. Phys. Lett. 82, 2035 (2003).

49. Usha Chandra , J. C. Jan , J. W. Chiou, K. Asokan and W. F. Pong , Electronic structures of La0.7-xCsxCa0.3MnO3 probed by X-ray absorption spectroscopy , Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research B 199 ,185 (2003).

50. J. W. Chiou, C. L. Yueh, J. C. Jan, H. M. Tsai, W. F. Pong, I.-H. Hong, R. Klauser, M.-H. Tsai, Y. K. Chang, Y. Y. Chen, C. T. Wu, K. H. Chen, S. L. Wei, C. Y Wen, L. C. Chen, and T. J. Chung, Electronic structure of the carbon nanotubes studied by x-ray-absorption spectroscopy and scanning photoelectron microscopy, Appl. Phys. Lett. 81, 4189 (2002).

51. J. W. Chiou, S. Mookerjee, K. V. R. Rao, J. C. Jan, H. M. Tsai, K. Asokan, W. F. Pong, F. Z. Chien, H.-H. Tsai, Y. K. Chang, Y. Y. Chen, J. F. Lee, C. C. Lee, and G. C. Chi, Angle-dependent x-ray absorption spectroscopy study of Zn-doped GaN, Appl. Phys. Lett. 81, 3389 (2002).

52. K. Asokan, S. K. Srivastava, D. Kabiraj, S. Mookerjee, D. K. Avasthi, J. C. Jan, J. W. Chiou, W. F. Pong, L. C. Ting, and F. Z. Chien, Study of ion beam mixing in C/Si multilauers by x-ray absorption spectroscopy, Nucl. Instru. & Math. B 193, 324 (2002).

53. J. M. Lee, J. C. Jan, J. W. Chiou, W. F. Pong, M.-H. Tsai, Y. K. Chang, Y. Y. Chen, C. R. Wang, J. F. Lee, T. Yang, Z. Lu, W. Y. Lai, and Z. H. Mai, Effect of the annealing temperature on the electronic and atomic structures of exchange-biased NiFe-FeMn bilayers, Surf. Rev. Lett. 9, 293 (2002).

54. K. Asokan, K. V. R. Rao, J. C. Jan, J. W. Chiou, W. F. Pong, R. Kumar, S. Husain, P. A. Joy, and S. K. Date, Electronic structure of La0.7Ca0.3MnO3 and La0.7Ce0.3MnO3 by x-ray absorption spectroscopy, Surf. Rev. Lett. 9, 1053 (2002).

55. K. Asokan, J. C. Jan, J. W. Chiou, W. F. Pong, M.-H. Tsai, H. L. Shih, H. Y. Chen, H. C. Hsueh, C. C. Chuang, Y. K. Chang, Y. Y. Chen, and I. N. Lin, Electronic structures of Ba1-xCaxTiO3 studied by x-ray absorption spectroscopy and theoretical calculation, J. Phys.: Condens. Matt. 13, 11087 (2001).

56. C. L. Yeh, J. C. Jan, J. W. Chiou, W. F. Pong, M.-H. Tsai, Y. K. Chang, Y. Y. Chen, J. F. Lee, P. K. Tseng, S. L. Wei, C. Y. Wen, L. C. Chen, and K. H. Chen, Electronic structure of the Fe-layer catalyzed carbon nanotubes studied by x-ray absorption spectroscopy, Appl. Phys. Lett. 79, 3179 (2001).

57. H. M. Tsai, J. C. Jan, J. W. Chiou, W. F. Pong, M.-H. Tsai, Y. K. Chang, Y. Y. Chen, Y. W. Yang, L. J. Lai, J. J. Wu, C. T. Wu, K. H. Chen, and L. C. Chen, Electronic and bonding structures of amorphous Si-C-N thin films by x-ray-absorption spectroscopy, Appl. Phys. Lett. 79, 2393 (2001).

58. J. C. Jan, K. Asokan, J. W. Chiou, W. F. Pong, P. K. Tseng, M.-H. Tsai, Y. K. Chang, Y. Y. Chen, J. F. Lee, J. S. Wu, H.-J. Lin, C. T. Chen, L. C. Chen, F. R. Chen, J.-K. Ho, Electronic structure of oxidized Ni/Au contacts on p-GaN investigated by x-ray absorption spectroscopy, Appl. Phys. Lett. 78, 2718 (2001).

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